diff --git a/elements/astrocyte/appunti/2026-06-04-modulation-of-future-behavior.md b/elements/astrocyte/appunti/2026-06-04-modulation-of-future-behavior.md index 69ad6f9..6173f71 100644 --- a/elements/astrocyte/appunti/2026-06-04-modulation-of-future-behavior.md +++ b/elements/astrocyte/appunti/2026-06-04-modulation-of-future-behavior.md @@ -123,12 +123,12 @@ The astrocyte's perisynaptic wall distance is the variable that makes both outco // Astrocyte: overflow sensing and co-agonist release glutamate_spillover = extrasynaptic_diffusion(glutamate_cleft) if glutamate_spillover > spillover_threshold: - mGluR5_activation = True // Gq arm → IP3 → Ca²⁺ → D-serine - astro_Ca_local += IP3_cascade(PLC) - D_serine_release += proportional_to(astro_Ca_local) - mGluR2_3_activation = True // Gi arm → brake presynapse - cAMP_level -= Gi_inhibition(adenylyl_cyclase) - vesicle_release_prob -= VGCC_suppression() // autoinhibitory brake + mGluR5_activation = True // Gq arm → IP3 → Ca²⁺ → D-serine + astro_Ca_local += IP3_cascade(PLC) + D_serine_release += proportional_to(astro_Ca_local) + mGluR2_3_activation = True // Gi arm → brake presynapse + cAMP_level -= Gi_inhibition(adenylyl_cyclase) + vesicle_release_prob -= VGCC_suppression() // autoinhibitory brake // Astrocyte: check for network overload astro_Ca_global = soma_wave(astro_Ca_local > OVERLOAD_threshold) @@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ The astrocyte's perisynaptic wall distance is the variable that makes both outco // NMDA gate: coincidence check if membrane_potential > -40mV and D_serine_release > threshold: - NMDA_Mg_block = False // Mg²⁺ ejected - post_Ca_amplitude += NMDA_influx(glutamate_cleft) - post_Ca_rise_speed = d(post_Ca_amplitude) / dt - + NMDA_Mg_block = False // Mg²⁺ ejected + post_Ca_amplitude += NMDA_influx(glutamate_cleft) + post_Ca_rise_speed = d(post_Ca_amplitude) / dt + // Astrocyte: vacuum trailing echoes + fuel pipeline glutamate_cleft -= glutamate_clearance_rate × Δt lactate_output += glycolysis_rate(glutamate_clearance_rate) @@ -156,32 +156,32 @@ The astrocyte's perisynaptic wall distance is the variable that makes both outco // Presynapse: facilitate or depress based on Ca²⁺ history if input_freq > 20Hz: - vesicle_release_prob *= 1.3 // residual Ca²⁺ primes launchpad - mobilize(reserve_pool → RRP_pool) // break storage chains + vesicle_release_prob *= 1.3 // residual Ca²⁺ primes launchpad + mobilize(reserve_pool → RRP_pool) // break storage chains elif input_freq < 5Hz: - vesicle_release_prob *= 0.7 // RRP depleted faster than refill + vesicle_release_prob *= 0.7 // RRP depleted faster than refill // Postsynapse: NMDA gate primed if frequency sustained if input_freq >= 50Hz and duration > 1s: - NMDA_Mg_block = False // sustained depolarization - post_Ca_amplitude accumulates // early-LTP signal rises + NMDA_Mg_block = False // sustained depolarization + post_Ca_amplitude accumulates // early-LTP signal rises // Astrocyte: sustained volume → escalate co-agonist if astro_Ca_local > local_threshold: - D_serine_release += gliotransmitter_pulse() // widens NMDA window + D_serine_release += gliotransmitter_pulse() // widens NMDA window // Neuromodulators: set context gate via Gs protein if dopamine_level > D1_threshold or NE_level > β_threshold: - cAMP_level += Gs_activation(adenylyl_cyclase) - PKA_activity = proportional_to(cAMP_level) - phosphorylate(GluA1, site=Ser845) - GluA1_Ser845_primed = True // lowers CaMKII threshold - phosphorylate(DARPP32) - DARPP32_phospho = True // silences PP1 — blocks LTD - translocate(PKA → nucleus) → phosphorylate(CREB) - CREB_active = True // enables structural gene expression - // Acetylcholine: lower LTP threshold globally - LTP_threshold *= (1 / (1 + ACh_level × mAChR_gain)) + cAMP_level += Gs_activation(adenylyl_cyclase) + PKA_activity = proportional_to(cAMP_level) + phosphorylate(GluA1, site=Ser845) + GluA1_Ser845_primed = True // lowers CaMKII threshold + phosphorylate(DARPP32) + DARPP32_phospho = True // silences PP1 — blocks LTD + translocate(PKA → nucleus) → phosphorylate(CREB) + CREB_active = True // enables structural gene expression + // Acetylcholine: lower LTP threshold globally + LTP_threshold *= (1 / (1 + ACh_level × mAChR_gain)) ## slow time scale — structural commit (h → weeks)